Turkey's diverse renewable energy potential—solar, wind, hydropower, and geothermal—requires systematic evaluation to guide investment and policy. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) methods, including intuitionistic fuzzy EDAS and TOPSIS, provide a rigorous framework for ranking alternatives based on technical, economic, environmental, and social criteria.
Findings — Solar and wind consistently rank highly due to Turkey's favourable resource endowments and falling technology costs. Hydropower offers baseload stability but faces environmental and social constraints. Geothermal, concentrated in Western Anatolia, is a strong option for both power and heat. The optimal mix depends on policy priorities: cost minimisation, emissions reduction, or energy security.
Policy relevance — The evaluation supports evidence-based renewable energy planning. YEKA tenders, feed-in tariffs, and capacity mechanisms can be designed to align with the ranking of alternatives, ensuring that Turkey's 2053 net-zero target is pursued efficiently.